The harrow
Archimandrite Nikifor’s Biblical Encyclopedia
(Isa. 28:24; Job 39:10) — it is not known what form the harrow took in ancient times in the East. Perhaps it was in the form of a woven lattice, or resembled a rake more than our harrow. On the basis of the words of the prophet Isaiah (28:24, 25), one may think that it consisted, as it still does in Egypt, simply of a strong board, to the two corners of which ropes were tied, into which oxen were harnessed, and in this manner the harrow was dragged over the plowed field, in order to break up the clods of earth; and in order to make it heavier, stones were placed upon it, or the driver himself sat on it.